HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN PLAY AREA NOTES

UNIT 3: HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN PLAY AREA Notes

Class XII | Primary Years Physical Activity Facilitator

Complete Chapter Notes

Part A: Complete Chapter Notes

1. Introduction to Health and Hygiene

Meaning of Health

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Meaning of Hygiene

Hygiene is the practice of keeping ourselves and our surroundings clean, especially to prevent the spread of diseases.

Importance of Health and Hygiene in the Play Area

• Helps prevent the spread of germs and diseases.
• Protects players and other people from illness.
• Promotes a clean and healthy playing environment.
• Encourages healthy habits and personal responsibility.
• Supports physical well-being, productivity and efficiency.

2. Personal Hygiene and Sanitation Rules

The textbook recommends the following personal hygiene practices:

1. Take a bath every day after practice.
2. Wash hands, face and feet after returning from playing.
3. Change clothes and undergarments frequently.
4. Cut fingernails and toenails regularly.
5. Avoid sleeping in daily clothes.
6. Wash fruits and vegetables before eating.

Important exam point: Good personal hygiene is described as the first step towards good health. It protects both the individual and those around them.

3.2 Food and Drinking Supply in Play

Food and drinks supplied during sports activities must be clean, healthy and hygienic.

How food becomes contaminated: The textbook explains that bacteria may transfer to food when a handler touches their nose, mouth, hair or clothes and then touches food.

Hygiene Guidelines for Food and Drink Handlers

• Wash and dry hands thoroughly before handling food and frequently during work.
• Use a clean towel, disposable paper towel or air dryer.
• Do not smoke, chew gum, spit or eat in food-handling areas.
• Never cough or sneeze over food.
• Wear clean protective clothing, such as an apron.
• Keep mobile phones and other personal items away from food preparation areas.
• Tie back or cover long hair.
• Keep fingernails short and avoid nail polish.
• Avoid jewellery except limited simple items described in the textbook.
• Cover cuts and wounds with waterproof dressings.
• Wear disposable gloves over dressings when wounds are on the hands, and change gloves regularly.
• Report illness to a supervisor and do not handle food when unwell.

3.3 Kits for Games and Practice

Sports facilities, playground equipment and personal protective equipment require regular inspection and maintenance.

Factors affecting inspection frequency: Frequency of use, overuse, age of equipment, materials, users’ age, climate and accidents such as fire.

Types of Inspection

Example: Replacing heavily worn chains is an example of maintenance following a low-frequency inspection.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

The textbook identifies the following protective items:

• Leather, rubber and safety gloves.
• Safety and protective goggles.
• Safety eyewear and glasses.
• Guards.
• Helmets.

Signs of Damaged Equipment

Cracks, frayed edges, worn surfaces, holes, tears and areas affected by chemical contact.

The textbook directs that damaged protective items should be disposed of rather than reused.

Cleaning and Storage of Personal Kits

1. Inspect the item before cleaning.
2. Remove dirt from undamaged items.
3. Dampen with warm soapy water without immersing the item.
4. Scrub gently using a soft-bristled brush.
5. Rinse carefully using fresh warm water.
6. Dry naturally on a flat surface, away from direct sunlight.
7. Store safely in a cool place.

The textbook prefers baby soap for cleaning items that include leather and describes a small amount of white vinegar for removing odours from leather items. Always follow the item’s specific manufacturer instructions.

Avoid using: Harsh chemicals, paint, unapproved glue, solvent-based adhesives and permanent markers.

3.4 Inspection of Play Area

Regular inspection helps maintain the quality and safety of sports surfaces and equipment.

Daily and Regular Maintenance

• Remove leaves, stones, pebbles and sharp objects.
• Sweep cemented floors daily.
• Allow only recommended footwear on courts.
• Maintain cleanliness of the pitch and surroundings.
• Clean and inspect sports props and equipment.
• Periodically inspect goalposts, volleyball poles and basketball posts.
• Keep sufficient dustbins.

Special Maintenance (at least once a year)

• Check ground levels and slopes to prevent waterlogging.
• Inspect and repair drainage systems.
• Perform special brushing or cleaning where appropriate.
• Follow maintenance instructions for artificial turf.

Ball Pressure Values Given in the Textbook

The book uses the notation “PS”. These values are reproduced for textbook-based examination preparation, not as verified inflation specifications. For actual equipment, follow the manufacturer’s recommended pressure.

Care of Balls Before Use

• Check and inflate to the correct pressure.
• Moisten the inflation needle.
• Add air gradually while squeezing the ball.
• Avoid excessive inflation, which can damage the inner bladder.
• The textbook cautions against machine inflation because of overinflation risk.

Care of Balls After Use

• The textbook recommends releasing a little air after use.
• Wipe the ball with a soft cloth.
• Remove stubborn dirt with a moistened cloth.
• Use water-diluted mild detergent if necessary and remove all detergent residue.
• Dry with a clean cloth.
• Allow balls to dry in a well-ventilated place away from direct sunlight.

Storage of Sports Equipment

• Avoid direct sunlight and hot or damp storage areas.
• Keep balls and equipment in well-ventilated places.
• Clean unused equipment regularly.
• Avoid storing metal equipment in damp places to prevent rusting.
• The textbook advises using a dry cloth for leather equipment.

3.5 Maintenance of Hygiene in Play Area

Playground Hygiene means maintaining clean and healthy surroundings and using appropriate cleaning and disinfecting agents to reduce germs and illness.

Important Rules

1. Do not litter; dispose of garbage in dustbins.
2. Do not spit on the ground or in public places.
3. Keep changing rooms clean.
4. Do not damage plants or pluck flowers and leaves.
5. Separate biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste.
6. Use suitable cleaning and disinfecting agents.
7. Inspect playground equipment regularly.

Playground Safety Checklist

Action When Unsafe Equipment Is Found

Immediately mark the equipment as off-limits, report the problem to the appropriate authority and follow up until the necessary maintenance is completed.

Quick Revision: Important One-Line Answers

MCQ of  HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN PLAY AREA(Click Here)

Syllabus PAT(Click Here)

HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN PLAY AREA NOTES  HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN PLAY AREA NOTES

HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN PLAY AREA NOTES  HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN PLAY AREA NOTES

HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN PLAY AREA NOTES  HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN PLAY AREA NOTES

HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN PLAY AREA NOTES  HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN PLAY AREA NOTES

HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN PLAY AREA NOTES  HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN PLAY AREA NOTES

HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN PLAY AREA NOTES  HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN PLAY AREA NOTES